A Drummer's Testament
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How Dagbamba send messengers to greet others; types of people who are messengers; how a messenger uses sense
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Contents outline and links by paragraph
Relevance of the talk of messengers
- 1. sending people is important part of custom; an aspect of the talk of respect
- 2. relation to Dagbamba way of living and identity of Dagbamba
Example: getting a wife
- 3. when asking to marry, send a messenger instead of going oneself
- 4. send a friend to get “our” wife; get advice from an elder
- 5. a messenger should have sense; know how to talk
- 6. after the wife is promised, the messenger continues to represent the husband
- 7. the messenger and other messenger will represent the husband at the wedding
- 8. messengers give respect to both the receiver and the sender; don't approach others directly
Example: chiefs
- 9. commoners do not go directly to the chief's house; only certain elders do that, like drummers
- 10. one does not address the chief directly; speak to an elder who talks
- 11. one explains one's purpose to the elder first; helps exchange ideas; adds to respect of chief
Example: princes
- 12. a prince sees elders before greeting his own father
- 13. how princes send messengers to the chief who controls a chieftaincy they are looking for
The respect of a messenger
- 14. sending a chief or a chief's elder; high respect
- 15. why a messenger gives respect to the sender
- 16. messenger a witness to one's way of living; someone who lives with people
- 17. messenger a witness to gifts and transactions
- 18. how messengers add other messengers to themselves
- 19. a respected or older messenger more likely to succeed
Examples: how Alhaji Ibrahim is sent as a messenger
- 20. example: Alhaji Ibrahim as messenger or intermediary between child and parent
- 21. Alhaji Ibrahim as intermediary between husband and wife
- 22. how a husband's messengers will beg for an offended wife
- 23. messengers help people talk to one another; how friends exchange services as messengers
Example: sending your wife to a funeral houses
- 24. the respect of sending your wife to a funeral
- 25. the work and behavior of the wife at the funeral house
Some vicissitudes of sending different people
- 26. the problem of not having a good messenger
- 27. how a messenger shows whether he is sensible or foolish
- 28. sending sisters or wives; sending parents
Funeral houses
- 29. the strongest messengers are for funerals; sometimes necessary to protect oneself from danger at the funeral house
- 30. why a funeral house can be dangerous
- 31. example: jealousy against Alhaji Ibrahim's sister's at a funeral house
- 32. Alhaji Ibrahim's sister's madness
How messengers can bring information back to the sender
- 33. messenger can hear about and prevent a plot
- 34. how messengers can bring luck or good news
Trading and borrowing
- 35. messengers role in trading
- 36. example: what John would do for a messenger who came from Dagbon to his town
- 37. importance of trust in the messenger, especially when borrowing
- 38. sending your wife to borrow money
The importance of messengers in Dagbon
- 39. sending of people as messengers is prevalent in Dagbamba society
- 40. how a stranger gets a messenger
- 41. necessity to get a messenger from the town itself to see a town's tindana
- 42. messengers important to everything one wants or does in Dagbon
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Proverbs and Sayings
If you are going to send someone to do some work for you, you should send the one with sense and not the one who can walk.
“Get and taste”: that is when you will know whether you will be satisfied.
The ladder you climb to look at something far away, that is the same ladder you have to use to come down.
Collect my child, collect my work.
“You fall and I fall”: that is what makes the playing of the dogs nice.
If somebody doesn't know you, he won't do you any bad; it is the one who knows you who does you bad.
They are asking of you.
However useless or weak a work is, a goat will be afraid of it.
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Dagbani words and other search terms
- Chiefs and elders
- Limam
- Naa Nyagsi (Naa Nyaɣsi)
- Miscellaneous terms
- chieftaincy
- Dagbani
- Fridays
- houseowner
- housepeople
- maalam
- tindana, tindanas
- waistbands
- Towns and places
- Bolgatanga
- Dagbon
- Dalun
- Savelugu