A Drummer's Testament
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Scope of the historical chapters from origins through Samban' luŋa; different types of historical figures; taboos and sacrifices; the importance of the Samban' luŋa; fears of drummers regarding early history; Harold Blair (Yakubuʒee) and other previous researchers in Dagbon
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Contents outline by paragraph
Introduction
- 1. Alhaji is responding to John's interest and dedication
The plan for the talks about chieftaincy and history
- 2. the topics: Yendi's origin, chiefs, Samban' luŋa
- 3. the origins of Dagbon; Naa Gbewaa: separation from Mamprusis, Mossis, Nanumbas
- 4. Naa Shitɔbu; Naa Nyaɣsi's war on the tindanas and the beginning of chieftaincies in the towns
- 5. chieftaincy: how chiefs eat chieftaincy, their work; the elders;
- 6. how Samban' luŋa is beaten
- 7. Samban' luŋa: Naa Dariʒɛɣu and Naa Luro; wars against the Gonjas
- 8. Samban' luŋa: Naa Zanjina and how he ate chieftaincy
- 9. Samban' luŋa: Naa Siɣli's war against the Gonjas
- 10. Samban' luŋa: Naa Garba, Naa Ziblim and the Ashantis; Naa Andani and the coming of white men
- 11. not all the historical talks are included; some come in other sections
Difficulties and dangers of some types of drumming
- 12. drummers have difficulties getting the old talks; sacrifices, restrictions, troubles
- 13. some drumming is forbidden unless certain occasions; example: death drumming
Sacrifices for beating Samban' luŋa
- 14. Samban' luŋa requires sacrifices; chief pays
- 15. not every chief has Samban' luŋa; smaller chiefs cannot afford it
- 16. sacrifices to protect against dead chiefs' spirits; Bagli and Yɔɣu
- 17. example: four drummers who beat Samban' luŋa or testified to government died; full sacrifices not made
- 18. not many drummers know the old talks; fear bad consequences
- 19. Samban' luŋa talks are public, not hidden; the chief makes the sacrifices
Drumming work and the importance of knowing one's heritage
- 20. Namo-Naa: drummers as teachers; Samban' luŋa is instructive
- 21. the benefits of knowledge; old talks passed through generations to help people live well
- 22. some people want to know their history; others don't mind it
- 23. example: people have different characters, even in a family
- 24. Samban' luŋa shows a person's grandparents; important to know
- 25. drummers have interest in old talks; learn from elders
- 26. drummers believe in custom; maintain knowledge for Samban' luŋa
Early history before Naa Shitɔbu is more hidden
- 27. the talks of the starting of Dagbon are different; Naa Nyaɣsi and Naa Shitɔbu not in Samban' luŋa
- 28. those before them are more hidden; Naa Gbewaa, Ʒirli, Fɔɣu, Ʒipopora, Nimbu, Tɔhiʒee
- 29. drummers don't beat Tɔhiʒee; not inside chieftaincy; not inside drumming work
- 30. Tɔhiʒee's talk is not long but it is dangerous; people fear the talks
- 31. sacrifices may not protect well; example: Namo-Naa's testimony to government committee on chieftaincy
Confusion about accounts of origins of Dagbon
- 32. Tɔhiʒee's talks are there; not forgotten or thrown away; only big drum chiefs know them
- 33. chieftaincy talks are fighting and bad things; drummers reluctant to talk to Africans or to white men; confusion and misunderstanding
- 34. one should be careful about hidden or forbidden talks
- 35. human beings fear trouble; many drummers don't know the old talks
Yakubuʒee's research (Harold A. Blair)
- 36. Alhaji was a young boy during Yakubuʒee's research; how Yakubuʒee used to travel around; his colleague
- 37. Yakubuʒee carried a tail; probably used medicine to protect himself
- 38. Namo-Naa's recollections of Yakubuʒee; how Namo-Naa's father taught Yakubuʒee
- 39. bad consequences from the talks; deaths of Namo-Naa's wives; Yakubuʒee's accidental killing of Sunson Lun-Naa
Other researchers
- 40. David Tait's research; omissions; his death
- 41. Brigitta Benzing's research in Savelugu; paralysis of her informant
- 42. schoolbooks on Tɔhiʒee mixed up; children don't have sense to hear it; unclear sources
- 43. John's communication with Yakubuʒee; Yakubuʒee's other sources; the British conference on chieftaincy; the work of E. F. Tamakloe
Conclusion: the value of drummers' experience
- 44. drummers are the best sources on history; more than maalams or typical Dagbamba or even chiefs
- 45. importance of following the traditions of drumming; requires sense and understanding
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Proverbs and Sayings
Every time, every day, every moment, a human mind is changing.
A leopard does not eat goat meat, but when they are preparing the fire to cook goat meat, and a leopard comes to push the firewood, it will come that the leopard will have the appetite for the goat meat.
A dog doesn't bite its child and reach the bone.
Naa Zanjina lit a lantern in Dagbon and opened the eyes of the Dagbamba, and he is the light of the Dagbamba.
You should fear trouble.
To fear trouble is better than to be in trouble.
If a fish comes out of the water and tells you that a crocodile has one eye, you should believe the fish.
No one is able to see what is forbidden unless he tries to do it.
Talk and live, talk and live, and put it down for people.
God did not create us so that we should all follow one way.
It is small drummers who go near to old drummers.
The one who gets his wish will not follow what people say.
The time there is no chief again, then that is the end of our Dagbamba living.
Truly, a talk can be small or short, but its forbidden talks are big.
A scorpion is small, but on the part of pain, a scorpion's bite is up to the bite of a snake.
Something that comes, its peels are lying on the way.
When they harvest groundnuts, anywhere you are walking, you will see groundnut shells.
If a big tree dies, a small tree will come out. And it is only because it is an old person who gives birth to a young person. And it is because they don't just give birth to an old person.
Fighting is inside the bone of chieftaincy.
In Dagbon here, if we say that something is forbidden, then it is true that it is forbidden.
Inside anything good, there is some bad. And inside something bad, there is some good. And so bad and good, they follow one another.
What comes to eat the life of people is not only one single thing.
As for all of us, we are all human beings, and of course we fear. There is fear within us.
No one knows all the talks of drumming.
Nobody can know the talks of Dagbon more than a drummer.
It is drummers who know the tradition, and every drummer has the extent of his knowledge.
Tradition is not from anything. It is just from, “My father said this, and my grandfather said this.”
You have to be inside the drumming before you will understand what is underneath the talks a drummer will talk.
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Dagbani words and other search terms
- Yaa-Naas
- Naa Abilaai
- Naa Abilabila
- Naa Abudu
- Naa Andan' Sigli (Naa Andan' Siɣli) [Naa Siɣli]
- Naa Andani
- Naa Darizhegu (Naa Dariʒɛɣu)
- Naa Dimani
- Naa Garba
- Naa Gbewaa
- Naa Luro
- Naa Maham Kpema (Naa Mahama Kpɛma)
- Naa Nyagsi (Naa Nyaɣsi)
- Naa Shitobu (Naa Shitɔbu)
- Naa Simaani Zoli
- Naa Yakuba
- Naa Zanjina
- Naa Ziblim Bandamda
- Fogu (Fɔɣu)
- Kumtili
- Nimbu
- Tohizhee (Tɔhiʒee)
- Zhipopora (Ʒipopora)
- Zhirli (Ʒirli)
- Drummers and drum chiefs
- Abukari Kasuliyili [Abukari Wumbee]
- Adamzhee (Adamʒee) (Issahaku)
- Alhaji Adam (Alhassan Mangulana)
- Mumuni [Alhaji Mumuni Abdulai]
- Namo-Naa
- Namo-Naa Issahaku (Mahama)
- Namo-Naa Mahama
- Namogu (Namɔɣu) [Namo-Naa]
- Nanton Lun-Naa (Iddrisu)
- Nyologu Lun-Naa Issahaku
- Palo-Naa
- Palo-Naa Issa
- Palo-Naa Mumuni
- Sunson Lun-Naa
- Yakub' Palo (Yakubu Mumuni)
- Yendi Sampahi-Naa
- Zohi Sampahi-Naa Sheni (Zɔhi Sampahi-Naa Sheni)
- Zohi Taha-Naa Abdulai (Zɔhi Taha-Naa Abdulai)
- Persons and elders
- Alhaji Iddi (Yakubu)
- Brigitta Benzing
- David Tait
- Doobedani (Doobɛdaani)
- Emmanual F. Tamakloe
- Fatima (wife of Namo-Naa Issahaku)
- Gukpe-Naa Iddi Kpema (Gukpe-Naa Iddi Kpɛma)
- Kissmal (Ibrahim Hussein)
- Maalam Halidu
- Mapagkpema (Mapaɣkpɛma) [wife of Namo-Naa Mahama]
- Mba Dugu (Mba Duɣu) [Iddi, before he became Gukpe-Naa Iddi]
- Monkaha-Naa
- Ollennu [Naa Amaa Ollennu]
- Wumbiepaga (Wumbiepaɣa) [wife of Namo-Naa Mahama]
- Yakubuzhee (Yakubuʒee) [Harold A. Blair]
- Musical and miscellaneous terms
- Dagban' doo
- Dagbani
- Doobedani woga kpam (Doobɛdaani woɣa kpam)
- guinea fowl
- housepeople
- kasigirba (kasiɣirba)
- Korle Bu Hospital
- lorry
- maalam, maalams
- moglo (mɔɣlo)
- Naanigoo
- Nagbiegu (Naɣbiɛɣu)
- Paani
- Samban' lunga (Samban' luŋa)
- Takai
- tindanas
- Ziblim and his brother Andani
- Towns and places
- Bagli
- Dagbon
- Diari
- Dugu (Duɣu)
- Gushegu
- Karaga
- Kasuliyili
- Namogu (Namɔɣu)
- Nanton
- Nyologu
- Savelugu
- Sunson
- Yendi
- Yiwogu (Yiwɔɣu)
- Yogu (Yɔɣu)
- Zohi (Zɔhi)
- Zugu
- Cultural groups
- Ashantis
- Dagbana, Dagbamba
- Gonjas
- Mamprusi, Mamprusis
- Mossis
- Nanumbas